Phylogeny of Ononis in Iran using nuclear ribosomal DNA and chloroplast sequence data
Golaleh
Mostafavi
Assistant Prof., Department of Biology, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH), Shahr-e Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (golaleh.m@gmail.com, g.mostafavi@iausr.ac.ir)
author
Mostafa
Assadi
Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 13185-116, Tehran, Iran
author
Iraj
Mehregan
Assistant Prof., Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2016
eng
The genus Ononis,embraces more than 85 species worldwide. In the present study, materials of two subspecies of O. spinosa from different localities of Iran alongside some other native species of the genus were included in phylogenetic analyses. In addition, over 50 accessions were obtained from GenBank. In order to clarify the exact number of subspecies of O. spinosa in Iran, datasets were obtained from sequencing of nuclear ribosomal ITS (nr DNA ITS) and trnL-F plastid (cp DNA) regions and analysed. Three taxa belonging to O. spinosa L. complex (O. spinosa subsp. leiosperma, O. spinosa subsp. antiquorum, and O. arvensis=O. spinosa subsp. arvensis) were previously reported from Iran. Based on Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian analyses of the molecular datasets, it is shown that, unlike the previous reports, Iranian O. spinosa complex belongs to only two subspecies (i.e. leiosperma and arvensis subspp.). In addition, we also found that, O. spinosa subsp. antiquorum is not present in Iran. It was also demonstrated that, seed sculpturing does not provide valuable characters in diagnosing different subspecies of O. spinosa.
Rostaniha
IRIPP, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, IRAN
1608-4306
17
v.
2
no.
2016
95
107
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_109402_2f7e15ed197161dd234885eb44f10963.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/botany.2017.109402
Notes on Silene chustupica, a new record and occurrence of S. dianthoides in Iran replacing with S. marcowiczii
Abbas
Gholipour
Associate Prof., Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran (a.gholipour@pnu.ac.ir)
author
Sepideh
Sajedi
Researcher, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
author
Mohammad
Amini Rad
Research Assistant Prof., Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2016
eng
The genus Silene, with more than 100 species in Iran is an important genus of Iranian flora. According to available data on the northwestern parts of Iran, including three provinces of Ardabil, East and West Azarbaijan are considered as a major diversity center of perennial species of the genus Silene in Iran. In the course of a revision of Silene in this area, some interesting specimens were collected which are new records from Iran. In this paper, occurrence of Silene dianthoides (sect. Caespitosae), and S. chustupica (sect. Auriculatae) are reported. The name S. dianthoides is used for previous records of S. marcowiczii which is more likely conspecific. Both species are growing in alpine zone. The previously evaluated threatened status of S. chustupica as critically endangered according to IUCN red list categories is discussed here. The taxonomical descriptions, geographical distribution and the ecology of the new records are provided and their photographs are also presented.
Rostaniha
IRIPP, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, IRAN
1608-4306
17
v.
2
no.
2016
108
114
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_109404_60d71cef1893229bf13d6dcf6b777d32.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/botany.2017.109404
Study on coprophilous fungi: new records for Iran mycobiota
Youbert
Ghosta
Associate Prof. in Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Protection, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran (y.ghoosta@urmia.ac.ir)
author
Alireza
Poursafar
Researcher, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
author
Jafar
Fathi Qarachal
Researcher, Department of Plant Protection, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
author
text
article
2016
eng
In a study on coprophilous fungi, different samples including cow, sheep and horse dung and mouse feces were collected from different locations in West and East Azarbaijan provinces (NW Iran). Isolation of the fungi was done based on moist chamber culture method. Purification of the isolated fungi was done by single spore culture method. Several fungal taxa were obtained. Identification of the isolates at species level was done based on morphological characteristics and data obtained from internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of ribosomal DNA sequences. In this paper, five taxa viz. Arthrobotrys conoides, Botryosporium longibrachiatum, Cephaliophora irregularis, Oedocephalum glomerulosum, and Podospora pauciseta, all of them belong to Ascomycota, are reported and described. All these taxa are new records for Iran mycobiota.
Rostaniha
IRIPP, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, IRAN
1608-4306
17
v.
2
no.
2016
115
126
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_109405_cb33985a98a09cbfa5f5852b4d3acc73.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/botany.2017.109405
Three Penicillium species new for the mycobiota of Iran from soils of the National Park of Urmia Lake
Rosita
Samadi
MSc Graduate, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
author
Mahdi
Arzanlou
Associate Prof., Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran (arzanlou@tabrizu.ac.ir)
author
Youbert
Ghosta
Associate Prof., Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran
author
Jos
Houbraken
Senior Scientist (PhD), CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, PO Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
author
text
article
2016
eng
In a survey on the biodiversity of Penicillium species in soils of the National Park of Urmia Lake (NW Iran), eight Penicillium isolates were isolated as members of the section Citrina. Based on a combination of cultural and morphological criteria, the isolates were identified as Penicillium anatolicum, P. sanguifluum,and P. sizovae. The identity of each species was further confirmed using sequence data of β-tubulin gene (BenA). Three species are reported and described here as new records for the mycobita of Iran.
Rostaniha
IRIPP, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, IRAN
1608-4306
17
v.
2
no.
2016
127
135
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_109407_39e6137e1e969654ada85f30556a1703.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/botany.2017.109407
Diversity and distribution patterns of Solanaceae in Iran: Implications for conservation and habitat management with emphasis on endemism and diversity in SW Asia
Sadaf
Sayadi
MSc Student, Department of Plant Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, GC, Tehran, Iran
author
Ahmadreza
Mehrabian
Assistant Prof., Department of Plant Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, GC, Tehran, Iran (a_mehrabian@sbu.ac.ir
author
text
article
2016
eng
The increasing rate of irreversible damages to natural habitats has reinforced the need for gathering biodiversity fundamental data to conservation. Priority setting is the most important step in protection programs. Solanaceae as the the one of important economic families of eudicots distributed throughout North and South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia, and the South Pacific. Up to now, little attention has been paid to the patterns and diversity centers of Solanaceae in Iran. The present study describes in as much detail as possible the spatial distribution, areas with greater species richness, and centers of diversity for taxa. An ecogeographical database was developed using the records that corresponds to 3123 herbarium specimens belong to 2560 localities. The localities were marked using ArcView version 3.2 (ESRI 2000) on geo-referenced maps (1/106) of Iran. The distribution patterns of the taxa were mapped per 1° × 1° universal transverse Mercator grid cells (100 km2 with the exception of boundary area). Threatened categories of Iranian Solanaceae, including CR (43.4%) and VU (34%), mainly (58.9%) distributed in Irano-Turanian phytochorion. Solanaceae represents the highest richness in the central Alborz, Zagros, Kopet Dagh and Makran Mountains based on recent criteria. The conservation value of habitats of Solanaceae in Iran ranges from 0.15 (in coastline of Persian Gulf) to 11.19 (in eastern Alborz).
Rostaniha
IRIPP, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, IRAN
1608-4306
17
v.
2
no.
2016
136
160
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_109408_00d111259e98aac25e695945a662a8a9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/botany.2017.109408
A proposal for the unification of two cyanobacterial strains of Nostoc as the same species
Bahareh
Nowruzi
Assistant Prof., Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (bahare77biol@yahoo.com, bahareh.nowruzi@srbiau.ac.ir)
author
Ramezan-Ali
Khavari-Nejad
Prof., Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
author
Taher
Nejadsattari
Associate Prof., Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
Karina
Sivonen
Prof., Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
author
David
Fewer
Prof., Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
author
text
article
2016
eng
The present research aimed to investigate through a polyphasic approach, the differences in morphological and genotypic features of two cyanobacterial strains isolated from paddy fields of northern parts of Iran, belonging to the family Nostocaceae (subsect. IV. I). Based on the reliable identification keys, the two strains were identified as Nostoc ellipsosporum (Desm.) Rabenh. ex Born. et Flah, and N. muscorum Ag. ex Born. et Flah. Sequencing of cloned bacterial 16S rRNA fragment strongly indicated that, two Nostoc strains could not be discriminated by 16S rRNA and ITS genes sequencing and the current morphological classification of both is invalid. Moreover, phylogenetic study of two Nostoc strains has demonstrated that, genetic relationships are in conflict with the morphological classification. Besides, after doing DNA-DNA reassociation experiments, it was concluded that, two Nostoc strains investigated might possibly be united into one species. Finally, two Nostoc species were named as Nostoc sp. Bahar_E and Nostoc sp. Bahar_M, and have been registered under DDBJ, accession numbers: JF795278 and JF272482, respectively.
Rostaniha
IRIPP, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, IRAN
1608-4306
17
v.
2
no.
2016
161
172
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_109427_d3c04cec11035eaeeb82945a5f69a957.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/botany.2017.109427
Identification of Fusarium species associated with Fusarium head blight of wheat in the North of Iran and phylogenetic analysis of the dominant species
Kasra
Sharifi
PhD Student, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
Rasoul
Zare
Research Prof., Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
author
Hamid Reza
Zamanizadeh
Prof., Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (hzamani@srbiau.ac.ir)
author
Mansoureh
Mirabolfathy
Research Prof., Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
author
Saeed
Rezaee
Assistant Prof., Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2016
eng
In order to determine the causal agents of Fusarium head blight, during 2015–16, wheat heads with disease symptom were collected from 10 and six main wheat production areas of Golestan and Mazandaran provinces (N Iran), respectively. A total of 431 Fusarium isolates were obtained belonging to nine Fusarium species based on their morphological characteristics. Fusarium graminearum species complex had the highest frequency among the species in both provinces, Golestan (52.0%) and Mazandaran (55.8%). Fusarium culmorum, F. equiseti, F. Acuminatum, and F. compactum had the highest mean of frequency in both provinces with 13.5, 9.7, 6.0 and 3.7%, respectively after F. graminearum. Also, F. cerealis, F. Avenaceum, and F. proliferatum and some unidentified isolates a total of 14% of the isolates were calculated. The lowest frequency was related to F. subglutinans (1%) that was isolated only from Golestan province. In order to determine the phylogeny of F. graminearum species complex in the North Iran, 53 out of 229 isolates were selected based on their distribution in the sampled areas. Partial genes of translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF) and putative reductase (RED) were amplified using specific primers. A commercial sequencing facility was used to generate fungal sequences. Almost all strains of F. graminearum species complex belonged to F. graminearum sensu stricto. The results indicated a homogeniety within F. graminearum species complex, however, there was a minor morphologically differences between some strains.
Rostaniha
IRIPP, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, IRAN
1608-4306
17
v.
2
no.
2016
173
187
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_109430_3d820363a1e18f7750e80eeebfaffefe.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/botany.2017.109430
Molecular identification of Ganoderma lucidum from Iran
Motaharehsadat
Heydarian
MSc Graduate, Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran
author
Ashrafalsadat
Hatamian-Zarmi
Assistant Prof., Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran (hatamian_a@ut.ac.ir)
author
text
article
2016
eng
Medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum has been used in East Asia for centuries in order to prevent and treat a variety of diseases such as hepatitis, immunological disorders and cancers. In fact, this fungus contains a vast source of polysaccharides, proteins and secondary metabolites with anti-tumor and immuno-modulatory properties. Up to now, a variety of drug metabolites extracted from G. lucidum have reached the stage of commercial production. Recently, in addition to China, Korea and Japan, this valuable fungus has been identified in different parts of the world such as Pakistan, Malaysia and Turkey. In 2007, G. lucidum has been identified in northern forests of Iran; however, molecular identification of this fungus has not been reported yet. The aim of this study was, therefore, to identify this fungus collected from northern Iran by analyzing ITS-5.8S rDNA sequence. The result of this experiment confirmed that the collected specimen were G. lucidum.
Rostaniha
IRIPP, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, IRAN
1608-4306
17
v.
2
no.
2016
188
192
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_109434_0143ef754bfc8fae51ad9f8ad5344edf.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/botany.2017.109434
First report of Rhizopogon roseolus in Iran
Samad
Jamali
Assistant Prof., Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, P.O. Box 6715685438, Iran (jamali454@yahoo.com)
author
Pablo
Alvarado
Researcher, ALVALAB, C/ La Rochela 47, E-39012 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
author
text
article
2016
eng
Rhizopogon is a hypogeous fungal genus that grows in an ectomycorrhizal symbiosis mostly with members of the Pinaceae family and its worldwide distribution correlates with natural and exotic Pinaceae forests. In Iran, Rhizopogon species have received scant attention from collectors in the past and have not been adequately collected. Few older studies, report the presence of R. luteolus (Saber 1999), and R. vulgaris in Iran (Ershad 2009). However, the accuracy of the species identification merely on the basis of morphological features is questionable. Rhizopogon roseolus is common in northwestern United States USA (Coker & Couch 1928, Harrison & Smith 1968). So far, it has been reported from, Finland (Schulmann 1955), Chile (Garrido 1986), Brazil (Baseia & Milanez 2002), Poland (Iwanski et al. 2006), Spain (Dominguez-Nunez et al. 2013) and New Zealand. In this study, seven specimens associated with roots of Pinus eldarica based on morphological and molecular characteristics were examined. Basidiocarps were hypogeous, globose, subglobose or irregular with different sizes (up to 10 cm in diam.) (Fig. 1A). Peridium was smooth and orange. Gleba was white to olive (Fig. 1B). Fresh mature basidiocarp not reacting in iodine. The basidia were club-shaped and 15–20 × 6–8 μm (Fig. 1C). Columella absent and paraphyses about 12–18 × 5–9 μm (Fig. 1D). The basidiospores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 6–8 × 3–4 μm, often contain two guttulae inside and falsely septate (Fig. 1E). All DNA sequences of Rhizopogon (accession numbers: KP202698 to KP202700) showed 100% homology with valid sequences previously identified and deposited in GenBank. Phylogenetic trees constructed based on ITS sequences showed that, all Iranian specimens are in the same branch in a clade with R. roseolus reported from other authors (Fig. 2). Rhizopogon roseolus, R. Burlinghamii,and R. vulgaris form distinct clades which were well-supported by bootstrap value (78% MP). This is the first report of R. roseolus and its host plant from Iran.
Rostaniha
IRIPP, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, IRAN
1608-4306
17
v.
2
no.
2016
193
195
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_109436_1ba9f5acdb78f2490542e3f0557d674c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/botany.2017.109436
Simple algorithm to assess the diversity and distribution for algae of Iran
Kazem
Dadkhahipour
Research Instructor, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran (algiran@yahoo.com)
author
text
article
2016
eng
By studying algae reports from different localities of the country during the past 87 years, about 6000 records information including 2567 species and infra-specifics were analyzed and distribution maps were drawn. The algae studies in the Iranian islands of the Persian Gulf, especially around Bushehr and the Khark Island by Borgesen (1930), the oldest available document is used in this study. Many of the scientific names of the references used were synonyms with authorities in the field of algae taxonomy, such as AlgaeBase (Guiry & Guiry 2015) were changed to valid names. Using the capabilities VB.Net programming (Foxall 2015) under a model of software named as “Explorer for Algae of Iran” was designed and developed.
Rostaniha
IRIPP, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, IRAN
1608-4306
17
v.
2
no.
2016
196
197
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_109438_5455012d7c31dd2855d0ba9b06884592.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/botany.2017.109438