2024-03-28T18:45:19Z
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=12302
Rostaniha
Bot. J. Iran
1608-4306
1608-4306
2018
19
2
Some species of fungi associated with declined Persian oak trees in Ilam province with emphasis on new records to mycobiota of Iran
Amin
Alidadi
Mohammad
Javan-Nikkhah
Mojegan
Kowsari
Saadi
Karami
Morteza
Ebrahimi Rastaghi
Zagros vegetation zone is one of the most important forest regions in Iran, which consists of a diverse group of arboreal species, especially oaks (Quercus spp.). Ilam province located in west of Iran and in Zagros vegetation zone which has 641000 ha of oak forests that its dominant species is Persian oak (Q. brantii). Oak trees decline is a complicated phenomenon that may result from different kinds of agents such as fungi. In order to study on fungi associated with oak trees decline, different parts of symptomatic Persian oak trees were sampled in different regions of Ilam province during the summer and autumn of 2014–15. Fungal species were identified according to either morphological or molecular characteristics obtained from ITS of ribosomal DNA. Eleven species of eight fungal genera were identified that all of them are reported for the first time as Persian oak-associated species. Also three species including Immersidiscosia eucalypti, Petriella sordida, and Neocamarosporium obiones are reported and fully described here as new records to mycobiota of Iran.
Morphology
phylogeny
Quercus spp
ribosomal DNA
Zagros vegetation zone
2018
12
01
75
91
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_118635_5e3e343cea2514dda782cafcc13603ec.pdf
Rostaniha
Bot. J. Iran
1608-4306
1608-4306
2018
19
2
Molecular phylogeny and morphology of four Ramularia species from Iran along with a checklist of ramularia-like taxa
Mounes
Bakhshi
The genus Ramularia includes important plant pathogens with worldwide distribution, commonly associated with leaf spot diseases on a broad range of plant hosts. Although these fungi are common in Iran, most of the species found to date have been identified on the basis of morphological characteristics, and DNA data are available for limited number of them. During our investigation of fungi associated with leaf spot diseases in north and northwest of Iran, Ramularia isolates were recovered from leaves with leaf spots on different herbaceous and woody plants in the Asteraceae, Apiaceae, and Vitaceae families. Based on sequence data of five genomic loci (ITS, actA, tef1, rpb2 and gapdh), host, cultural and morphological data; four species including R. cynarae on Cirsium arvense,R. heraclei on Heracleum sp.,R. hydrangeae-macrophyllae on Vitis vinifera,and R. inaequalis on Taraxacum campylodes, were identified. Ramularia hydrangeae-macrophyllae represents a new record for the mycobiota of Iran as well as Asia, and V. vinifera is a new host for this species in the world. Moreover, C. arvense and T. campylodes are new hosts for R. cynarae and R. inaequalis in Iran,respectively. Additionally, a comprehensive literature-based checklist for 50 ramularia-like species known to occur on different plant species in Iran was provided. The complete annotated list covers 41 Ramularia species, two Cercosporella, two Neoovularia, two Neoramularia,one Microcyclosporella, one Neopseudocercosporella, and one Ramulariopsis.
Hyphomycetes
leaf spotting fungi
Mycosphaerella
phylogeny
Systematic
2018
12
01
92
112
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_118637_dabebd05fca8ba60973da30aa0d680b5.pdf
Rostaniha
Bot. J. Iran
1608-4306
1608-4306
2018
19
2
Molecular and micro-morphological evidences of the genus Cuscuta in Iran
Elham
Amini
Fatemeh
Nasrollahi
Ali
Sattarian
Soheila
kor
Sohrab
Boozarpour
Cuscuta is the only parasitic genus in Convolvulaceae family. This genus is globally distributed, with most species in the tropics, subtropics, and some in the temperate regions. In this study, the micro-morphological features and molecular evidencesof 12 populations from three species of Cuscuta (C. australis, C. campestris,and C. chinensis) have been considered. In total, seven quantitative and two qualitative characters of pollen were selected and measured. The most important characters include: shape, ornamentation of tectum, exine thickness and colpus length of the pollen. Based on this study, the seed shape and surface support at least for separation of C. australis from other two species. Using nuclear (nrDNA ITS) marker, we reconstructed phylogenetic relationships within three species of Cuscuta. This data set was analyzed by phylogenetic methods including Bayesian, Maximum likelihood, and Maximum parsimony. In phylogenetic analyses, all members of three species formed a well-supported clade (PP=1, ML/BS=100/100) and divided into two major clades (A and B). Clade A is composed of specimens of C. australis. Two species of C. campestris and C. chinensis are nested in clade B. Neighbor-Net diagram demonstrated separation of the studied populations. The results showed that, micro-morphological and molecular data provide reliable evidence for separation of these species.
Convolvulaceae
Neighbor-Net
nrDNA ITS
pollen
seed
2018
12
01
113
129
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_118638_4432dab8100ff51c377661b27c0ecf60.pdf
Rostaniha
Bot. J. Iran
1608-4306
1608-4306
2018
19
2
Symbiosis relationship between some arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Salsola laricina and its effect on improving plant growth parameters
Elham
Nouri
Alireza
Moshki
Mohammad
Matinizadeh
Aliasghar
Zolfaghari
Saeede
Rajaei
The aim of this study was to examine the symbiosis relationshipbetween some arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Salsola laricina (Chenopodiaceae), a non-mycotrophic plant speciesand its effect on improving plant growth parameters. Initially, the development of AMF density was monitored through two parameters including evaluation of mycorrhizal colonization of plant roots and density measurement in the soil under field conditions. Then, the spores were counted and the highest four morphotypes were isolated for morphological identification and preparation of inoculum to culture. The seeds of S. laricana were planted inside pots under greenhouse conditions and were inoculated by four isolates of AMF including Archaeospora schenckii, Glomus deserticola, Scutellospora erythropa, and Septoglomus constrictum and one treatment remained non-inoculated as control. High root colonization of the plants was found at six months after inoculation (46%) where the highest morphotypes density belonged to S. constrictum (No./20 g soil-1), suggesting the importance of AMF for plant growth efficiency. The AMF symbiosis generally improved the growth related to the height and weight of shoot and root of S. laricana that were significantly increased. The results led to the conclusion that, identification of interactions between plants, soil properties, and AMF colonization can contribute to improve management of ecosystems.
AMF
colonization
Chenopodiaceae
morphological recognition
Taxonomy
2018
12
01
130
137
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_118639_82e9a50d31e259d5fad1e0cd6401add5.pdf
Rostaniha
Bot. J. Iran
1608-4306
1608-4306
2018
19
2
A short glance on leaf anatomy and taxonomy of subfamily Caryophylloideae in Iran
Farrokh
Ghahremaninejad
Roya
Seif
Mostafa
Assadi
Atiye
Nejad Falatoury
Caryophyllaceae is the fifth largest Iranian plant family in terms of number of species where most of its species are Irano-Turanian. About 30% of these species are endemic of Iran. There are continuously uncertainties regarding the circumscription of genera, and especially because of new molecular and phylogenetic studies that in many cases do not confirm the traditional generic circumscription, the need for tangible traits to distinguish between the genera is felt. Accordingly, in this study, leaves’ anatomical characteristics of some species of Caryophylloideae from Iran have been described. Forty-nine characters (including 16 qualitative and 33 quantitative characters) of leaves’ transverse sections and epidermis have been considered. No anatomical characteristics are constant in all species of the genera, but some of them such as stomatal patterns, limb symmetry, collenchymatous tissue and layers of fiber around the central vascular bundles may be useful to separate some genera. Contemplating morphological and anatomical features, two new combinations and a key for the genera of this subfamily in Iran have been provided. Psammophiliella has been recorded for the first time from Iran.
Caryophyllaceae
new combination
Petrorhagia
Psammophiliella
qualitative and quantitative characters
2018
12
01
138
153
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_118467_0dd81d12433e646c57cbf06dc649a77d.pdf
Rostaniha
Bot. J. Iran
1608-4306
1608-4306
2018
19
2
Morphological phylogenetic analysis of the genera Fragaria and Duchesnea in Iran
Marzieh Beygom
Faghir
Shima
Pourebrahim
Farideh
Attar
In this research phylogenetic relationships of the two genera Fragaria and Duchesnea, including four species ( Fragaria viridis, F. vesca, Duchesnea indica and D. chrysantha) and 2 of their closely related species (Potentilla reptans and P. micrantha) plus 2 Fillipendulla species ( representing outgroups) were carried out using morphological traits. Primarily, morphological evidences of 30 taxa were carefully examined. Then, phylogenetic analysis was conducted in two steps, 1) using 38 quantitative and qualitative characters 2) using 10 selected evidences. For this, all studied morphological characters were coded and analyzed by Maximum parsimony method (MP). Data analysis was carried out through the heuristic search embedded in the PAUP software. The result emphasizes the separation of the two subtribe Potentillinae and Fragariinae. It also shows monophyly of Fragaria and Duchesnea. Furthermore, based on the current findings, Potentilla is a closest relative of Duchesnea. Among the studied morphological characters14 (9 from the first and 5 from second analysis) isolates Fragaria from Duchesnea; and 6 (4 from the first analysis and 2 from the second analysis) separates Duchesnea from Potentilla. However, intra-species relationships between the Fragaria species) except for 4 taxa) remained unresolved.
Cladistics analysis
Strawberry
Mock strawberry
related species
Maximum parsimony
2018
12
01
154
164
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_118640_a4d6b3835b5868bc2a61f15479fd6308.pdf
Rostaniha
Bot. J. Iran
1608-4306
1608-4306
2018
19
2
Optimization of the genomic DNA extraction in some mosses
Somayeh
Ghasemzadeh Baraki
Sedighe
Nikzat Siahkolaee
Amir
Mousavi
The presence of organic compounds and high amount of secondary metabolites (polysaccharides, phenolic component, etc.) in mosses cause difficulties in DNA extraction that are followed by problems in PCR reactions. In lower plants, various methods have been used for DNA extraction including silica gel and different commercial kits. These methods mostly use hazardous (like phenol or liquid nitrogen) or costly (proteinase K) materials. Commercial kits are high cost. In order to develop an appropriate and cost effective procedure for DNA extraction in lower plants, the CTAB protocol was modified. Triton X-100, SDS, activated charcoal and ammonium acetate were used for the elution of the contaminations instead of the hazardous and risky materials. The method was compared with three extraction kits (Vivantus, Biobasic, and Rana), and tested on nine species of mosses including Neckera complanata, Anomodon viticulosus,Trichostomum brachydontium,Dicranum scoparium, Tortula sp., Plagiomnium cuspidatum,Homalothecium sericeum,Eurhynchium sp., and Neckera crispa from Iran. The quality and quantity of the extracted DNA was examined with spectrophotometer and agarose gel electrophoresis. The lack of expensive proteinase K in this procedure had no unfavorable effect on the final results and helped to decrease the costs.
Expensive
non-flowering plants
proteinase K
risky materials
Triton X-100
2018
12
01
165
175
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_118641_b1f86e39934edbe148200eb2083c1306.pdf
Rostaniha
Bot. J. Iran
1608-4306
1608-4306
2018
19
2
Numerical taxonomy of the genus Glycyrrhiza in the Hyrcanian region
Hamideh
Hassannejad Div-Kolaei
Fatemeh
Fadaie
Arman
Mahmoudi Otaghvari
Seyed Kamal
Kazemitabar
Noticeable variation was observed in a number of morphological characters in the Glycyrrhiza specimens in various habitats in north of Iran. To study these variations, two taxa related to the Hyrcanian region from all four known taxa of this genus in Iran, including Glycyrrhiza echinata, and G. glabra var. glabra were studied by numerical taxonomy using morphological characters in three provinces, Golestan, Mazandaran, and Gilan. A total of 15 populations were studied in terms of 60 quantitative and qualitative characters of vegetative and reproductive organs, and the obtained data were analyzed by SPSS software after encoding. Based on the PCA analysis, 11 components created about 98% of diversity, indicating the separation of relatively numerous characters for these taxa. Among these traits, the best one was the length of the pedicle. In the WARD cluster analysis, the populations of each taxon are located in a separate cluster and their position in each cluster is also significantly aligned with the longitude, which can be attributed to the significant influence of climate conditions, including relative humidity from west to east on the variety of peculiarities in these taxa. Based on the results of this study, taxonomic treatment of the studied taxa in Flora Iranica confirmed.
Fabaceae
Glycyrrhiza
Iran
morphometric
numerical taxonomy
2018
12
01
176
183
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_118642_d6cdc49a4bb69fceebc8c56d21aff411.pdf
Rostaniha
Bot. J. Iran
1608-4306
1608-4306
2018
19
2
Cylindrospermum voukii and Wollea saccata, new records for algal flora of Iran
Zeinab
Shariatmadari
Maedeh
Davary
Hossein
Riahi
Zakie
Modarresi
Cyanobacteria represent a small taxonomic group of photosynthetic prokaryotes which some of them are capable of N2 fixation and also possess a tremendous potential for producing a wide range of secondary metabolites. It has been suggested that, some of these microorganisms, especially heterocystous cyanobacteria, assist higher plant growth by supplying growth stimulating substances. During a floristic study of algae in the terrestrial habitats of Iran, cyanobacterial taxa presented in natural habitats of a medicinal plant (Tanacetum parthenium), located in Lorestan province (Iran) is isolated and identified. Among identified taxa, two species, Cylindrospermum voukii, and Wollea saccata are reported as new records from Nostocaceae family in Iran. Beside description of the new taxa, general distribution, as well as camera lucida images are included herewith.
Blue-green algae
cyanobacteria
diversity
Nostocaceae
terrestrial habitat
2018
12
01
184
188
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_118643_0e64b0b12d13c2eab3c740fb9a99f10a.pdf
Rostaniha
Bot. J. Iran
1608-4306
1608-4306
2018
19
2
Fomitiporia mediterranea, a new basidiomycete species for mycobiota of Iran
Zahra
Mirsoleymani
Reza
Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa
During last decade, the decline of elm trees was observed in Fars province (Iran) due to a wood decaying agent in heartwood of the trees. Unknown basidiomycete isolates were frequently isolated from such trees. The objective of the present study was to identify the basidiomycete isolates by molecular phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacers of ribosomal DNA. For this purpose, isolates of a basidiomycete were recovered from infected elm trees with brown rot in heartwood in Fars province. The isolates developed buff-colored colonies with white margins which produced red-brownish pigments in both PDA and MEA media. Mycelial width was average 2.4–3.8 µm, with brown cell wall without clamp connections. No aerial mycelia were observed in any isolates and average growth rate of colonies was 1.35mm-1 at 25 °C. No sexual organs were observed after six months of incubation at 25°C. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacers of rDNA (ITS) of sequences showed that the isolates belong to Fomitiporia mediterranea. This is the first report of F. mediterranea for Iran mycobiota. Small pieces of decaying wood from infected elm trees were placed on PDA and MEA at 25 °C and recovered isolates were purified on WA by hyphal tip method. Isolates were grown in 50 ml still culture of potato broth at 25 ºC. Freeze-dried mycelia were homogenized using sea sand (Fluka, Germany) and a plastic disposable pestle. Freeze-dried plant materials were also homogenized using mortars and pestles. DNA was extracted from homogenized preparation using a Genomic DNA Purification kit, (Fermentas, UK) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. DNA of the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) were amplified using the universal primers ITS1:5'- TCC GTA GGT GAA CCT GCG G -3' and ITS4:5'- TCC TCC GCT TAT TGA TAT GC -3'. Amplifications were performed in a CG1-96 thermocycler (Korbett Research, Australia). The PCR mixture contained: 10–20 ng of template DNA, 1 μM of each primer, 100 μM of dNTPs, 0.4 U Taq DNApolymerase (CinnaGen, Iran), 1.5 mM of Mg Cl2, 2.5 μl of 10× PCR buffer, 100 mM BSA, in a reaction volume of 25 μl. All PCRs consisted of 1 cycle of 94 °C for 3 min; 30 cycles of 95 °C for 30 s, 50 °C for 30 s, 72 °C for 60 s; and a final cycle of 72 °C for 10 min. PCR products were sequenced. Sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions including the 5.8S gene of rDNA were used to study phylogenetic relationships of the studied taxa. The internal transcribed spacers sequences of rDNA generated in this study were compared to those of other taxa obtained from GenBank. A preliminary alignment of sequences was made using ClustalX with subsequent visual adjustment. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacers of rDNA (ITS) of sequences showed that the isolates belong to Fomitiporia mediterranea M. Fisch. (Fig. 1). The 780 bp sequence of isolate EN1 (GenBank Accession No.: HM582097) was 99% similar to ITS sequence from fruit body of F. mediterranea (Pilotti et al. 2005, GenBank Accession No.: AY620997) with some differences in 260 (T to C substitution) and 774 (A to gap substitution) nucleotide sites. Fomitiporia mediterranea was distinct by the sequences of the ribosomal DNA (ITS) region and growth rates at temperatures between 15 °C and 35 °C (Elena et al. 2006). The isolates developed buff colored colonies with white margins which produced red-brownish pigments in both PDA and MEA media (Fig. 2). Average mycelia width was 2.4–3.8 µm, with brown cell wall without clamp connections. No aerial mycelia were observed in any isolates and average growth rate of colonies was 1.35mm d-1 at 25 °C. No sexual organs were observed after six months of incubation at 25 °C. The isolates were able to grow at all temperatures tested between 15 °C and 35 °C. This is the first report of F. mediterranea for Iran.
Specimen examined: Iran: Fars province, Shiraz, Bajgah, isolate EN1, recovered from elm trees, deposited at the Fungal Culture Collection of the Department of Plant Protection, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran (FT01.15.01).
Fomitiporia mediterranea
Basidiomycota
ITS
identification
phylogeny
2018
12
01
189
191
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_118644_e47b72f67eb112a119d7b2528546eba2.pdf
Rostaniha
Bot. J. Iran
1608-4306
1608-4306
2018
19
2
First report of Pluteus cinereofuscus for mycobiota of Iran
Elham
Seidmohammadi
Saeed
Abbasi
Mohammad Reza
Asef
Through continuous sampling of agaric fungi conducted from 2014–17 at different locations of Eslamabad-e Gharb (Iran), two specimens belonging to the genus Pluteuswere collected. At the collection site, GPS coordinates; habit, habitat and macro-morphological characters were recorded and photographed. Microscopic features including basidiospores, basidia, cystidia and pileipellis were observed, measured and illustrated using a light microscope, OLYMPUS BX51. Primer pairs ITS1/ITS4 were used to amplify and sequencing of ITS rDNA. Phylogenetic analyses of ITS-rDNA sequence data using Maximum Likelihood approaches with 1000 bootstrap replicates were performed using the MEGA6 software (Tamura et al. 2013). Based on the morphological characteristics along with data obtained from ITS rDNA sequences, two species including Pluteuscinereofuscus and P. nanus were identified. Pluteusnanus has been previously reported from Iran (Saber 1991, Saber & Mehravaran 2004), but P. cinereofuscus is reported here as a new record for the mycobiota of Iran. Morphological characteristics of this species are as follows: Pileus up to 4.0 cm in diameter, when young hemispherical, then expanding to plano-convex with low umbo, hardly striate at margin; at first hygrophanous and olive-brown in color, later olivaceous grey at centre and brown-grey at margin (Fig. 1a). Gills free, moderately crowded, at first white, then turns to pink (Fig. 1b). Spore print brownish pink. Stipe tall, cylindrical, up to 5.0 cm high and less than 1.0 cm in diameter, white in color and pale grey at base. Ring absent. Pileipellis consisted of globose elements (Fig. 1c). Basidiospors smooth, subglobose to ellipsoid and 8–9 × 6.3–6.9 μm (Fig. 1h). Basidia clavate, four-spored (Fig. 1d). Pleurocystidia in various shapes of cylindrical, clavate, utriform or lageniform (Fig. 1e-g). Comparing the sequence of this specimen with the sequences of P. cinereofuscus available in the GenBank database using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) algorithm, represented only 94% similarity. This may be attributed to the complex nature of P. cinereofuscus.Nevertheless, clear morphological characteristics along with the results of phylogenetic analyses represented in figure 2, confirmed the identity of specimens. Pluteus is a species-rich genus belonging to the family Pluteaceae with more than 300 species worldwide (Kirk et al. 2008). The genus is characterized by pink spore prints, free gills and the absence of ring and volva. These fungi are saprophytic and grow mainly on wood or wood remains (Hansen & Knudsen 1992). According to the literature, prior to this study, 16 species of Pleuteus have been reported from Iran (Saber 1991, 1993, 2000, Saber & Esmaeili Taheri 2002, 2004, Saber & Mehravaran 2004, Ershad 1995, Arefipour et al. 2006, Asef 2007). Most of these reports have been related to the identification of macrofungi in the north of the country. Indeed, other regions including Kermanshah province have poorly studied. Therefore, greater attention to identifying macrofungi in this region and other poorly investigated areas in the country is needed. Specimen examined: Iran: Kermanshah province, Islamabad-e Gharb, Darbadam, solitary on the remains of the leaves and twigs of oak trees, E46º 25´ 54˝, N34º 01´08˝, 1700 m, 12 May 2016, E. Seidmohammadi (IRAN 16960 F).
Agaric
Eslamabad-e Gharb
Kermanshah
Macrofungi
Pluteaceae
2018
12
01
192
195
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_118645_db1f78972dd89a0cf02c7222bb861d09.pdf
Rostaniha
Bot. J. Iran
1608-4306
1608-4306
2018
19
2
First report of Neocosmospora vasinfecta isolated from uncultivated soil in Iran
Shima
Saeedi
Samad
Jamali
Neocosmospora E.F. Smith is a filamentous ascomycete fungal genus belong to Hypocreales order and contains several species mainly pathogenic for plants (Cannon & Hawksworth 1982). Species of Neocosmospora are known to live in the soil of tropical or subtropical areas and often in association with plant roots. During summer 2017, for isolation of Fusarium species from uncultivated soil (foothill) in Qasr-e Shirin (Kermanshah province, Iran), we recovered one isolate of Neocosmospora. Soil samples were collected from 0–20 cm depth. The isolates were recovered using a soil dilution plate method directly from uncultivated soil. Isolation was performed from soil using komada and potato dextrose agar. Genomic DNA was extracted using CTAB method (Garde et al. 1991). The internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA and apart of the Ef1-α translation elongation factor (TEF1) gene were amplified by PCR using the primer pair ITS1 (5-TCCGTAGGT-GAACCTGCGG-3)/ITS4 (5-TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3) (White et al. 1990) and EF1F (5-ATGGGTAAGGAGGACAAGACTC-3)/EF1R (5-TGGAGATACCAGCCTCGAAC-3) (O’Donnell et al. 2008) in a final volume of 25 μM reaction containing 20 ng genomic DNA, 1 μM of each primer, 100 μM of each dNTP, 0.5 U Taq DNA polymerase (CinnaGen, Iran), 1.5 mM of MgCl2, 2.5 μM of 10 × PCR buffer (CinnaGen, Iran), and 14.5 μM H2O. Amplifications were conducted in a T-Personal thermocycler (Biometra, Germany) for 30 cycles of denaturation at 94 °C for 30 s, annealing at 55 °C for 30 s and extension at 72 °C for 60 s, with initial denaturation of 3 min at 94 °C before cycling and a final extension of 10 min at 72 °C after cycling. A portion (5 μM) of the amplified product was run on 1% TBE-agarose gel and the presence of a single band (ca. 540 bp) was a check for successful amplification. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted with maximum likelihood (ML) in the Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis (MEGA) Ver. 5 program (Tamura et al. 2011). The best fit nucleotide substitution model (Jukes-Cantor) was based on the bayesian information criterion and was implemented in MEGA 5. Sequence produced in this study is deposited in GenBank under accession numbers MG811579 (ITS region), and MH976665 (Ef1-α). Mycelium white to creamish (Fig. 1A). Perithecia orange to pinkish red, globose to subpyriform with small neck, ostiolate, 240–350 µm tall and periphyses present (Fig. 1B). Asci cylindrical, 8-spored, thin-walled, not amyloid, with truncated apex with a short pedicel, and 80–100 × 10–12 μm (Fig. 1C). Ascospores were uniseriate, rugose ornamentation, globose to ellipsoidal, hyaline when immature and brown at maturity, sometimes with oil droplets, and 11.23(10–12.58) × 9.63(8.03–10.45) µm (Fig. 1D). The fungal isolate was identified as N. vasinfecta using morphological characteristics and sequence analysis of ITS region and apart of the Ef1-α translation elongation factor. Based on a BLASTn search of NCBI GenBank nucleotide database, the closest sequence to our fungus (GenBank Accession Nos: MG811579 for ITS, and MH976665 for Ef1-α translation elongation factor) was N. vasinfecta isolated from soil from India (GenBank KM231804; identities = 99%) and France (GenBank JX997934; identities = 100%). The phylogenetic analysis of the sequenced ITS fragment positioned the our isolate within the N. vasinfecta clade (94 %) (Fig. 2). Neocosmospora vasinfecta has been reported from soil in South Africa and India (Lombard et al. 2015), clinical materials in France and Senegal (Ben Hamida et al. 1993, Dromer et al. 1997, Kac et al. 1999, Gabriel et al. 2013), and animal dungs (Doveri 2011). This species have been also reported as phytopathogenic fungus from peanuts in Vietnam, Australia, South Africa and Taiwan (Dau et al. 2010, Fuhlbohm et al. 2007, Huang et al. 1992, Baard & van Wyk 1985), Arachis hypogaea plant in Guinea (Lombard et al. 2015), and other plants (Manikandan et al. 2011). A culture of the fungus is deposited at the Iranian Fungal Culture Collection, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran. To our knowledge, this is the first report of N. vasinfecta from Iran. Specimen examined: Iran: Kermanshah province, Qasr-e Shirin, 45° 95΄ E, 33° 96΄ N, 26.06.2017, from uncultivated soil, Sh. Saeedi (IRAN 3320 C).
Neocosmospora
Uncultivated soil
EF1
ITS
Iran
2018
12
01
196
199
https://rostaniha.areeo.ac.ir/article_118636_f94e1f7d943359a14968f1d001c36650.pdf